On the track of China’s growth because of Special Economic Zones, Indian Government has considered it as a dream project to promote export, generate employment, and to attract huge investment. “A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) can be defined as a geographical region that has economic laws that are more liberal than a country's typical economic laws” (An Encyclopedia). A policy was introduced on 1st April, 2000 for setting up of SEZs in the country with a view to provide an internationally competitive and hassle free environment for exports. Units may be set up in SEZ for manufacture of goods and rendering of services. The policy provides for setting up of SEZs in the public, private, joint sector or by Stat Governments. It was also envisaged that some of the existing Export Processing Zones would be converted into SEZs.”

The unemployment rate in Africa is on the escalating trend and is becoming a socio-economic threat to the general economic stability of the region. Furthermore, the aftershock of the 2008 global financial crisis exacerbates the poor development of the financial markets with an attendant decrease in capitalization and market liquidity. Efforts of the previous policies to promote stock market development and restore investors’ confidence did not yield significant outcome as the stock markets did not recover to their pre-crisis period.  This paper empirically examines the long-run relationship between unemployment and stock market development in Africa, using a pooled mean group (PMG) model for the sample period of 1996 to 2016. The findings reveal that unemployment has a positive and statistically significant impact on the stock market development. The findings go in line with the notion that unemployment can help forecast stock market thus policymakers should rely on the unemployment announcement as an avenue for promoting stock market development.

The role of small-scale industries for better utilization of local resources, .Providing more employment , moving towards a decentralized society and increasing supplies of consumer goods was emphasized in industrial policy Resolutions.

Our interviews with entrepreneurs indicated that small entrepreneurs obtained loans from institutional and non-institutional sources. Institutional sources means banks and non-institutional Loan form friends  relatives and traders.

Among institutional sources banks constituted the most important source . Loans from them Fertilizer & Pesticide 43% units , Agriculture Implements mfg , fabrication & Service unit 28% units ,Food Grain, Dal Processing & Warehousing 40% units  and ,HDP bags , Tyre  Retarding / Remolding , Re-refining of used oil , RCC Pipe, Craft paper & Others units  are not use of secured loan.

In this world, that expounder is listened by the audience, who offers expositions of facts whose knowledge is desirable by them to solve their problem. On the other hand, one who expounds such doctrines, as are not desirable or useful for the solution of the social or personal problems, are neglected, and the expounder is disregarded.

Only those problems are taken up for studies, the solution of which are useful in the improvement of the conditions of an individual or of society. In addition, even such studies are recommended which require the interpretation, research, and exposition of the ancient knowledge which contribute commendably to the present day disciplines.

In the light of the above necessities, Sankhya study is taken up by the researcher. Sankhya infact, is a very comprehensive system of thought which deals with all aspects of management right from very ancient times. First we take up the problems as discussed by the Sankh

In the literature, there has been the tendency for studies to focus on the relationship between economic infrastructure and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows alone without taking into account the effects of social infrastructure on FDI. The main objective of the study therefore was to examine the relationship between economic infrastructure and FDI on one hand, and social infrastructure and FDI on the other. The study employed Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) estimation technique and quarterly time series data from 1975 to 2012 to examine the effects of both economic and social infrastructure on net FDI inflows. The Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) results find a positive and statistically significant effects of both economic and social infrastructure on net FDI inflows. While market size, trade openness and agglomeration exerted a positive and statistically significant effect on FDI inflows, inflation and external debt stocks on the other hand, revealed a negative effect on FDI inflows. In order to attract more FDI inflows, the study recommends that both the Ministry of Energy/Power and the Ministry of Education should increase investment in electricity generation and educational facilities respectively so as to enhance economic and social infrastructure.

Logistics management in recent time is very important to many sectors of an economy including the military sector, the manufacturing and assembly industries and retailing which are goods-oriented, as well as transport and other distribution or service-oriented industries.  All these industries have taken advantage of the use of logistics to respond to the challenges of   rising customer demand and pressure from competition. The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of logistics management practices on quality of service delivery in health centres in the Bolgatanga Municipality.  The population for the study comprised staff and clients of two health centers. Random sampling was used to select staff and clients for the study. The study revealed that both health centres do not have well-organized procurement units but have logistics management programmes. The study revealed insufficient drugs and medical supplies, lack of modern medical facilities and equipment, lack of modern storage facilities for medical supplies, irregular flow of medical supplies from suppliers and lack of qualified logistics officers as the major challenges to quality health service delivery in the various health centers. It was concluded that the health centres though have logistics management programmes, still suffer logistics related service delivery challenges such as insufficient drugs and medical supplies and lack of qualified logistics officers. The study recommends the establishment of a well-organized procurement unit to engage qualified logisticians to efficiently and effectively manage their logistics to enable the health centers function well

This paper proposes a method for modeling and estimating the dependence between MENA stock markets and FX returns based on copula and extreme value theory. Each return is modeled by GARCH models with the joint distribution of innovations modeled by copulas. Generalized Pareto distribution is adopted to model marginal distributions both in the left and in the right tail. Our empirical results suggest that the majority of pairs of daily financial returns (stock market return /FX return) seem better modeled by the bivariate Clayton copula during the two periods of study. In addition, all estimated parameters are positive reflecting a positive dependence between these returns during periods of declining and rising market. However, the intensity of this dependence differs from one country to another and from one period to another and the released results depend on the selected copula. Our findings have important implications for regional investors opting for intra-regional diversification strategy by taking into account joint tail risk and providing recommendations to clarify the influence of risk on the investor and especially to optimize investment choices.

The article focuses on four major assumptions that underlie the alternative conceptualization of public recreation marketing. It explains (1) the redistribution system within recreation resources are allocated; 2) the organizational structure of recreation agencies; (3) the ways in which public recreation agencies interact with local governments and citizens; and (4) the code of ethics and its influence on the behavior of recreation professionals. Finally, the article attempts to integrate these assumptions into an alternative definition of public recreation marketing that is termed “administered marketing.”

The today’s office which is dynamic and competitive in nature, expect managers and employees of all levels to constantly improve and achieve the organizational objectives. Likewise the organization needs to continuously improve its human resource management practices such as reward management, human resource development, recruitment and selection and quality working life among others which have great effect on the organization’s performance.  However, going by the current empirical literature available, this has not been achieved.  Many researchers have only looked at the independent variables that influence organizational performance without taking into consideration the mediating and intervening variables. Using a description approach, this paper compares and contrasts structures theorised and related to the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) practises and organizational performance in existing theoretical frameworks and findings of empirical studies in order to open the black box so as to get a better understanding of the relationship which would help in guiding organizations to attain their objectives and achieve high performance.   This study was based on four supporting theories to develop a conceptual framework where the factors that are influencing, mediating and intervening the relationship between the HRM and organizational performance are proposed. The independent variable was HRM practices (reward management, training and development, recruitment/selection and quality working life) while the dependent variable was organizational performance.  These were mediated by employee behavioural outcome which is an element of HRM practices.  Leadership is the intervening variable.  The study confirmed that there is a significant direct/positive relationship between the HRM practices and organizational performance.   It further identified motivation as one of the factor which link between the two variables.  The study could not identify the number of boxes required to open the black box thus suggesting for further research to explore the number of boxes.

This paper examines the efforts made so far in the evolution of a sustainable development trail of a green economy in Cross River State and looks at how the drive towards Green Economy can metamorphose to the much preferred inclusive and sustainable growth, the development of Cross River State and the Nigerian economy at large. The paper also attempts to review the key components of a Green Economy. The relevant sectors were analysed in terms of green growth policies to see what economic benefits the state stands to gain on the prospective drive to a green economy. The study revealed that   green economy holds ample opportunities especially for those sectors studied. Recommendations to enable the state and Nigeria successfully transit to a green economy were made.