Abstract

The use of hydrotherapy for healing has been practiced for centuries by the ancient Iranians, Greeks, Chinese and ancient Romans due to the unique properties of water. The use of hot springs was common among the people of that time to relieve and reduce all kinds of pain[1]. Today, different terms such as hydrotherapy (hydrotherapy), aqua-therapy, pool therapy, water sports, etc. are mentioned in different communities. Three important properties of water that cause the main difference between exercise in water and land: 1- Floating force, which causes weight loss in water. This weight loss can occur up to 90% (water depth to the neck), for example, a person who weighs 100 kg can lose up to 10 kg in water, which is the weight loss that causes the joints to overlap Reduce the pressure on them and relieve and reduce pain. 2- Viscosity or adhesion of water, this property of water, causes water resistance against body movements and strengthens various muscles. On the other hand, the force of water adhesion helps maintain balance and reduces falls in the elderly. Various studies have shown that one of the most important reasons for the inactivity of the elderly on land is the fear of falling and bone fractures, which makes water safe for the elderly to exercise safely without any injuries or falls. 3- Hydrostatic pressure: It is the pressure that water puts on different organs of the body simultaneously and causes the return of blood from the lower extremities to the heart to increase, and this improves the function of the heart and lungs, so exercising in water Due to its light weight, weight loss and easy and fast return of blood to the heart can be beneficial for cardiopulmonary patients[2].